Open-front fireplace stove for burning coke



.J. S. OWENS OPEN FRONT FIRE PLACE STOVE FOR BURNING COKE Filed Feb- 5, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l s `I I l /9 j l 2f [if /0 ll H 7 f Z J6)- Ll 5 Inbezzfor,

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J. s. owENs 4 OPEN FRONT FIRE PLACE STOVE FOR BURNING COKE Filed Feb. 5, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 In @enfin r;

Jahn, Hwzer @w ew,

Patented @et 23, 1928.

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JOHN SWITZER OVETS, OF LONDON, EEGLAND.

OPEN-FRONT FIREELACE STOVE FOR BU'RNNG COKE.

Application filed February 3, 192*, Serial No. 195,333, and in Great Britain February G, 1926.

This invention relates to an open lire place stove'lor burning colte and 1t has for its obyect to provide an open tire place stove in which over presenting substantially the appearance' ot an ordinary domestic lireplace, and possessing high radiant efficiency but being so constructed that the rate of consumption of the fuel shall be capable of being readily controlled so that the same lire place stove may be used tor either a large or small room.

lWith a tire place stove according to the present invention any 'tumes from the coke or other tuel cannot enter the room and further the lighting may be easily and quickly effected with or without use of wood and paper.

Moreover with a tire place stove according to this invention provision may be made whereby the fuel is automatically supplied, so that the nre willburn for a considerable period without attention.

ln a tire place stove according to this invention there is provided a large radiating surface termed by a relatively small amount ot tuel, the air tor combustion entering the ront ot' the vhre place stove, which is the 1 liating surface, so that a high temperature is maintained at this point. The radiating surface is moreover so disposed as to throw the heat in the most effective direction.

ln order th at the invention may be the better understood drawings are appended illus- Ang one 'form of lire place stove accord- .ing to this inventionas designed for litting in the ordinary tire place without structural alteration.

Fig. l is a front elevation partly in section.

2 is a section on line A A Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is a part sectional plan as seen Jtrom the top of the fire place stove.

l is a side elevation.

Fig. 5 is a side view ot the movable hood.

Fig. G is a section on line B B Fig. 5.

Fig. l is a view showing certain details,

Fig. 8 is a sectional view showing certain modifications. s v

inside the plane ot the lower ones.

F ig. S) is a front view of certain of the parts shown in Fig. 8.

Referring to the accompanying drawings l indicates the sides oi an outer case termed of cast iron, 2 the back and 3 the top ot the said case, said top and bach cooperating to hold the said sides in the desired spaced relationship. indicates a bar or plate placed at the back of the fireplace and at the bottom thereotI and extending between the sides 1, and which may be extended to completely close the bottom ot the lire place stove, thus forming a base or bed plate for the lire place stove. The sides l are provided, as will hereafter be more vfully explained, with lugs or projections for the support of the lire bars and other parts.

a indicates a partit-ion extending between the lsides l and supported in spaced relationship to the back and top ot' the case to form a tlue o1, said partition forming the back ot the lire box, the front of which is constituted by a grid comprising an upper member 5 and lower member 6 to which are secured respectively the upper and lower ends et the vertically disposed bars or rods The upper end of the grid formed as just described is supported in U shaped lugs or projections formed upon the inner face ot the sides l, whilst the lower end is supported in a chan-v nel or 'trough formed in a tray 8 in its turn supported by projections 8n also provided upon the inner tace ot the sides l, which tray also serves to support the grate 9. It will be noted that the position et the supports for the upper and lower ends et' the trent grid are so placed that they are not in vertical alignment, the upper ones being upon a plane Consequently the grid inclines towards the 'front from top to bottom, and any ash that may tall will tall inside the grid and not outside.

The back a. ot the iirebox is' also inclined from the top forwards, so that tue said space as a whole may be said to incline forwardly and be of gradually diminishng width from top to bottom.

The back of the irebox is formed in part by a grid l0 mounted in an opening at the` lower end of partition fr. and supported at its ends by projections ll formed on the inner surfaces ot the sides l and by the partition a. rhe grid l0 may either be as shown in Figs. l to 3 or it may be 't led of a nunn ber ot bars of circular cross-sectional outline upon which are threaded blocks oi re Btl cla-y or the like w of circular or other crocs sectional outline as shown in Fig. 7. he grid l is preferably so mounted as to permit of its ready removal when so desired.

The partition forms a dead plate indicated by l2, which, as also the sides l, may be faced with fire-clay or other similar material, said dead plate acting to eut off the draught from the upper part' of the fire and to provide a space or magazine for the'fuel.

To increase the capacity of the fuel storage space there is provided in the front thereof a plate 13 disposed above the front grid and removably supported at its' ends by projections such as lll formed upon the inner faces of the sides l.

Disposed at the back of the firebox and behind thev grid is a plate or baille l5 inclined as shown, whereby the passage of ash and dust to the flue is prevented". and under which plate the products of combustion pass to the flue and thence to house flue or chimney. rl`he loweredge of the plate l5 is disposed in or substantially in the plane of the fire bars 9, the space between said plate and the grid l0 forming an ash-pit. lT indicates a removable plate' forming part of the fr el space;

The plate 15 at its lower end is inturned as shown at l5*u and is disposed above an ash-pan 18, so that when the said ash-pan is in the closed position a space is left through which the draught may pass to the flue af; indicated by the arrows m. rlhe ash-pan is of such length that it extends to the back et the caseand is providedat the inner end with a portion 18 which may be verticalL as shown, or it may be inclined and wlieh, when the ash-pan is moved, will control the size of the opening to the fiue. The ash-pan 18 at its front end .is provided with an; outwardly and upwardly inclined plate 19' designed to catch any falling cinders, the said ash-pan iitting snugly between the cheeks or sides ot the grate and also against the front of the part" of the tray 8, whereby the entry of air at these points is as far as possible prevented ywhen the ash-pan is in the closed position. For a similar reason the back of the ashpa'n` where it enters the flue must' twell all round. In the partly open position air is allowed to by-pass to the flue without passing through the'fire. Y

20 indicates a' cover provided upon the outside with lugs 2l between. which engage pins v such as 22 Figs. l and 2 whereby/the said sired the fastening may be turned to permit the cover to be partly opened, the catch then being caused to occupy a position such that it will rest upon the frontedge of the top 2 whereby the cover may be supported in a partly opened condition to admit air to the flue from the top of the lire. This catch may be fixed upon the front frame instead oi on the cover. its shown more clearly in Figs. 5 and G the cover is closed at the top er front and comprises twoside members 23 and 24., a sheet of metal 25 forming the bottoni or back, the said side members being of such cross-sectional outline that there is provided upon the outer faces of each of [hem a passage or opening 26 communicating with the flue and through whichv any fumes Vescaping` at the sides of cover may pass.

Between the front and back plates of the cover a pern'ianently open passage is provided communicating with the flue both in the closed and partly open condition. This passage may be adjustable as to opening,

such asby means of a butterfly damper 27,

Fig. 2, within'the cover, so as to by-pass more or less air to the flue above the fire but with- -out such air passing through the fire, thus regulating the quantity passed through the lire from front to back. The cover `is preferably iitted in such a Way as to be easily rcmoved from its pivots, as shown at 22 in Fi andiQl in Fig. 5. By this means there is provided a permanent opening through the canopy communicating directly with the flue whereby any fumes rising from the front of the .tire are carried off and prevented from entering the room. Vhen the canopy is partly open more air is permitted to pass the chimney Without passing through the lire from front to back, thus controlling the draught through the fuel and the back of the grate.

It will be understood from the foregoing description that apart from the permanent opening in the canopy the draughtmay be caused to enter the chimney in one or all of three Ways, that is above the fire as in an ordinary fire place stove; through the front of the fire place and the grid at the back, or under the grate by suitably manipulating the ash-tray. This permits the fire to be lighted in the ordinary way, the cover being adjusted during lighting so that the products of combustion have free access to the chimney'under the cover. been lighted in this way, the damper which forms part of the cover may if necessary be adjusted and the draught so altered as toV cause more air to pass through the fire from front to back.

Instead ot lighting the lire in the ordinary way a' gas burner of suitable form may be provided for this purpose, Which burner may be separated from or incorporated in the grate.

vfter the fire has lnstead of effecting the adjustment of the size of the opening to the flue by means of the ash-pan, a swinging or sliding damper may be provided for this purpose, and may be lined either to the casing of the `tire or in the ash-pan, and in the former case the.

ash-pan need not extend to the back of the lire. l/Vhilst the grid at the back of the fire is preferably removable it may, if desired, be fixed.

The fire brick blocks or sections lw when such are strung upon the bars forming the back of the rebo: may be of any suitable dimensions so as to provide openings between of suitable width, and the upper parts of the said bars may be covered by a small block of fire brick or suitable small blocks of such dimensions that there :ill be no openings between adjacent` blocks for about the upper half of the depth of the Firebox, thus forcing the draught to pass through thel lower part of the back of the lfirebox. Moreover the small sections of fireclay are less liable to .crack and break than larger masses while suchV parts as may be jurer. can be easily replaced without requ ing a new grid to be provided. For the purpose ot' permitting` the removal of the fire-clay blocks the O'rid or the bars may be individually removable.

According to the modification shown in Figs. 8 and 9, in place of the back bars formed in one piece as a solid casting, the construction of the back of the fire boX may be as shown in which case the upper portion or dead plate of the back of the fire-box is provided with amass or block of fire-clay 27 having holes or recesses 28 which loosely engage the upper ends of bars 29 of suitable heat resisting material, steel for exampleu The lower ends of the bars are supported the tray 8 carrying the lire-bars 9.

`The depth of the recesses 28 may be such that' the bars may be moved longitudinally to free their lower ends from the tray 8 when they may be readily removed and others substituted, or the lower ends-may be freed by removing the .bottom tray 8.

Vfhatever material is used the bars may be so shaped as to present to the fire sloping sides to induce he ash to pass back with the draught and should preferably present no ilat surfaces to the fire to hold and prevent the ash and dust passing away between the bars. The back grid is also preferably sloped backwards from below upwards, so that the fuel space is somewhat triangular in section. rlfhisarrangement tends to cause the ash to settle on the back grid through which it is carried by the draught.

rlhe ash-pit may be lined with lirebrick so as to protectrthe sides of the outer case as well as to preserve higher temperature and 1 form a combustion chamber and thus tend to consume or prevent smoke when bituminous coal is used. To assist this an opening may be provided above the sloping dead plate forming the magazine and communicatingr with the ash vpit orcombustion chamber so that any smoke passing upwards from the top of the coal may be drawn through this opening into the combustion chamber, which obviously may be fitted with a suitable boiler for providing hot water and utilizing the waste heat.

Instead of being separate the bottoni tray 8 may be formed in egral with the grid l0.

Instead of providing the cover or hood with a plate such as 25 so arranged that when the cover is closed it will entirely cut oil' connection with the flue or chimney, the plate may be dispensed with and a damper may be provided independent of the said cover whereby the connection between the fuel space and flue or passage may be closed at the saine time leaving a passage to the chimney from the front ofthe lire. rEhe damper may either be operable by, or part of the hood, or independent thereof, the arrangement being such that when the cover is closed an opening is left sullicientonly toprevent the collection of unburnt above the fuel in the fuel space.

The cover may be arranged to open upwards or downwards. ln the example illus- 'ti-ated it is arranged to open downwards.

Owing to the arrangement by which the draught caused to enter the front of he fireplace stove certain advantages are gained; notably the radiating surface is kent nearly vertical instead of a large part being horizontal, while the addition of fresh fuel. to the top of the lire does not mask the radiating` surface as in the ordinary lire place. ln addition the front of the grate may be placed `ush with the wall and dire tly under the cover without loss of radiation. This removes the danger offumes passing into the room and does away with the need for a strong draught through the fuel to prever any escape of such fumes into the roon.: suc strong draught being often a cause of. insin or burning of the bvionsly as applic( when building into new houses, the bach plate 2 may be omitted the line then being formed between the plates and and the usual brick work of the chimney recesses.

Claims:

l. An open front tire place stove including an outer casing, a fuel chamber in said casing,` a lire-box in said casii lisposed for receiving fuel from'said cl nber, be' liuc extendingV in sait casing the rear of said chamber and nre-box, a top flue in said casing above said chamber, means for passage of draft from the rear of the lire box to said back flue, means for passage of dra ft from the front of the fire-boi( to said top Hue, and means for passage of dra-ft from below the lire box to said back flue.

2. An open front lire place stove including i. s le u lill .fill

an outer casing, a fuel chamber in said casing, a fire-box in said Casing disposed for receiving fuell from said chamber, a back Hue eX- tending in said casing at' the rear of said' chamberI and lire-box, a topline m said casing'r vmeans for regulating the draft passing by said last mentioned means, aud vmeans for passage of draft from below the lire-box 'to said back Hue.

3. An open front lire place stove including an outer casing, a fuel chamber in said casing, a fire-box in said casing disposed for reeeivv` ing fuel from said chamber7 said. fire-box embodying a front grid, a back grid and a grate, a back Hue extending in said casing at the rear of said chamber and lire-box, a top Hue in said casing above said chamber, means for passage of draft from said back grid to said baclr Hue, means for passage ofv draft to said top Hue from the space at the front of the tire place on the front side of said front grid, and means for passage of draft from below said grate to said back Hue.-

4. An open front fire place stove including an outer casing, a fuel chamber in said casing, a lire-box in said casing below said chamber, said chamber being open at its bottom and said fire-box open at its top and communicating with said chamber for direct passage of fuel therefrom to the fire-box, said fire-box consisting of a front grid, a back grid, a grate and portions of the end walls of said casing, a back 'Hue extending in said' casing at the rear said chamber' and lire-box, a top Hue in said casing above said chamber, means for passage of draft from said back grid to said back Hue, a movable cover constituting closure means for said fuel chamber at its top and providing means for passage of draft to said top Hue from the space at the front of' the fire pl ce on the front side of said front grid, and a movable ash-pan for providing passage of draft from below said grate to said back Hue.

5. An open fire place stove including an outer casing, a fuel chamber in said casing, a lire-box in said casing below said chamber. said Chamber being open at its bottom and said fire-box open at its top and communicating with said chamber for direct passage of fuel therefrom to the fire-box, said fire-bor: consisting of a front grid, a back grid, a

grate and portions of the end walls ofsaid casing, a back Hue extending inrsaid casing at the rear of said chamber and fire-box, a top Hue in said casing above said chamber, means for passage of draft from said back grid to said back Hue, a movable' cover cone stituting closure means for the fuel chamber at its top and providing means for passage of draft tosaid top'Hue from the space'at the frontof the fire place on the front side of said front grid, means in saidI cover forregulating the draft passing through the cover, and a movable ash pan for providing passageof draft from below said grate to saidba'ck Hue'.

G. An open frontv fire place stove includiing, an outer casing, a curved partition in the outer casing forming a' fuel space in; the upper portion of said casing, a baillel pl'ate extending downwardly from the lower end of' saidL partition, a bacl: Hue formedl be tween; said partition and baffle plate and the rear side of said casing, a lire-box consisting of a back grid, a front grid, a grate and portions of the end walls of said casing, said lireebox receiving at its upper end fuel from said space, means at the lower end of said baille plate for passage of draft from saidback grid to'said back Hue, means for passage of draft from below said grate to said `back Hue, and movable means providing closure for said fuel space at its upper end and passage tosaid top Hue of draft fromv the space at the open front of the fire place on thek front side of the front grid.

7. An open front lire place stove includ# ing, an outer casing, a curved* partition in the outer casing forming al fuel space in the upper portion of said casing, a` baffle plate extending downwardly from the lower end of said partition, a back Hue formed between said partition and baffle plate and the rear side of said casing, a fire-box consisting of a back grid, a front grid, a grate and portions of the end walls of said casing, said fire-box receiving at its upper endl fuel from saidspaee, means at the lower end of said baille plate for passage of draft from said back gridl to said back Hue, a movable ash pan for providing passage of draft from' below said grate to said back Hue, and a pivotally movable cover for closing said fuel space at its upper end and providing passage to said `top Hue of draft from the space at the open front of the Hre place on the front side of the front grid, saidA cover having damper means for regulating said draft.

ln testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN SWITZER OVENS. 

